In the slitting of soft materials such as copper strips, aluminum strips, copper foil, and aluminum foil, "blade sticking" is one of the most frustrating issues for operators. Material adhering to the cutting edge forms a built-up edge (BUE), which at best causes burrs and surface scratching, and at worst leads to chipping, strip breakage, and frequent downtime for cleaning. Many operators try adjusting speed or increasing cooling, but with limited effect — the root cause often lies in a mismatch between the blade material grade and the characteristics of the soft material. Mingbai Mechanical Tool Technology Co., Ltd., combining materials science and slitting experience, explains the sticking mechanism in copper and aluminum slitting and recommends the most suitable carbide blade grades.
1. Why Do Soft Materials Like Copper and Aluminum Stick to Blades?
Copper, aluminum, and their alloys are characterized by low hardness, high ductility, and high adhesion. During slitting, intense squeezing and friction occur between the cutting edge and the material, causing localized temperature rise. Under high temperature and pressure, metal particles from the soft material undergo a "cold welding" effect with the blade surface, gradually adhering and accumulating to form a built-up edge. Once formed, the built-up edge alters the edge geometry, increasing cutting resistance and further raising temperature — creating a vicious cycle.
Moreover, copper and aluminum have good thermal conductivity, so heat rapidly transfers from the cutting zone to the entire blade, accelerating edge softening and further reducing anti-adhesion capability. Therefore, to solve the sticking problem, the blade's material, grain size, hardness, and surface condition are all indispensable.

2. Core Logic for Selecting Alloy Blade Grades
Carbide blades are classified into YG (tungsten-cobalt), YT (tungsten-titanium), YW (universal), and other grades. For non-ferrous metals like copper and aluminum, YG grades are the first choice. YG alloys use tungsten carbide (WC) as the hard phase and cobalt (Co) as the binder, offering excellent impact resistance and toughness, making them suitable for machining non-ferrous metals that produce short chips.
The numbers in the grade designation (e.g., YG6X, YG8, YG15) indicate the approximate percentage of cobalt content — higher cobalt content means better toughness and impact resistance, but slightly lower hardness and wear resistance. Thus, selecting the right grade requires balancing anti-adhesion (high hardness) with anti-chipping (high toughness).
3. Recommended Grades and Applicable Scenarios

3.1 YG6X — First choice for precision slitting of thin materials
YG6X is a fine-grain carbide with high hardness (HRA91-91.5) and good wear resistance, with a cobalt content of about 6%. The fine-grain structure ensures more uniform carbide distribution, allowing the edge to be ground sharper for lower cutting resistance, making it ideal for thin copper strips, thin aluminum strips, copper foil, and aluminum foil in high-precision slitting. For soft materials under 0.5mm thickness, YG6X effectively reduces extrusion deformation and adhesion. Thin material precision slitting blades are the ideal choice for such conditions. However, due to its relatively moderate toughness, YG6X is not suitable for heavy rough cutting with impact loads.
3.2 YG8 — The "all-rounder" balancing wear resistance and toughness
YG8 has a cobalt content of about 8%, hardness HRA89-89.5, and higher transverse rupture strength than YG6X. It is one of the most widely used grades in copper and aluminum slitting, suitable for conventional thickness copper and aluminum strips (0.5-3mm) as well as aluminum foil and copper foil. YG8 achieves a good balance between wear resistance and impact resistance, maintaining edge sharpness while withstanding moderate impact loads — making it a "safe choice" for most copper and aluminum slitting applications.
3.3 YG15 — First choice for thick materials, rough cutting, and high-impact conditions
YG15 has a cobalt content of about 15%, hardness HRA87-89, with high transverse rupture strength and excellent toughness. It is suitable for thick copper plates, thick aluminum plates (>3mm) and rough cutting applications with joints or large thickness fluctuations. The higher cobalt content makes the blade less prone to chipping under impact, making it suitable for roughing where surface finish is not critical. Thick copper plate rough cutting blades perform excellently in such conditions. However, wear resistance is slightly lower than YG6X and YG8, so it is not suitable for ultra-thin precision slitting.
3.4 Ultra-fine grain carbide — An upgrade choice for high-end precision slitting
For high-precision slitting of ultra-thin copper foil, aluminum foil (<0.1mm) or lithium battery electrodes, conventional YG grades may not be ideal. Ultra-fine grain carbide (grain size ≤ 0.5μm) can achieve hardness of HRA90-93 and transverse rupture strength > 4000N/mm², with a service life 5-10 times that of conventional carbide. This material maintains extremely high hardness while improving edge toughness, making it especially suitable for high-precision burr-free slitting of ultra-thin soft materials.

4. Synergistic Optimization of Edge Parameters and Coatings
Choosing the right grade is only the first step; edge parameters and coating selection are equally critical.
· Edge angle: For soft materials like copper and aluminum, a smaller edge angle (20°-25°) is recommended to reduce cutting resistance and extrusion deformation. A dull edge exacerbates friction and adhesion.

· Edge surface finish: The smoother the edge surface, the harder it is for material to adhere. Polishing to Ra ≤ 0.1μm combined with a sharp rake angle design is recommended.
· Coating selection: In most cases, uncoated carbide or special anti-adhesion coatings can be used for copper and aluminum. TiAlN (purple-black) coatings offer excellent anti-adhesion performance, suitable for high-speed slitting; DLC (diamond-like carbon) coatings have an extremely low friction coefficient (as low as 0.1), effectively inhibiting BUE formation. For ultra-thin aluminum foil, some applications even recommend no coating to avoid compromising edge sharpness due to coating thickness. Anti-adhesion coated blades are highly effective in soft material slitting.

5. Supporting Process Recommendations
· Cooling and lubrication: For copper and aluminum slitting, oil mist lubrication or minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) is recommended, with a flow rate of 10-20 ml/h to effectively reduce friction temperature and adhesion risk.
· Regular inspection: Inspect the edge every shift; if early signs of BUE are found, clean promptly.
· Speed control: Recommended slitting speed for copper and aluminum: 80-150 m/min. Excessively high speed increases friction heat; too low speed increases material dwell time at the edge.
6. Mingbai Technology's Copper and Aluminum Slitting Blade Solutions
Mingbai Mechanical Tool Technology Co., Ltd. offers a dedicated blade series for slitting soft materials like copper and aluminum:
· Copper-aluminum slitting circular blades: Available in YG6X, YG8, YG15, and ultra-fine grain grades, precisely matched to working conditions.
· Mirror-polished copper-aluminum blades: Edge Ra ≤ 0.05μm, effectively reducing adhesion.
· Optional TiAlN/DLC anti-adhesion coatings.
· Material selection recommendations and on-site working condition diagnosis services.

7. Case Study
A copper strip slitting plant used conventional carbide blades for 0.2mm copper foil. Severe sticking occurred every 2 hours, requiring frequent cleaning. After switching to Mingbai Technology's ultra-thin copper foil slitting blades (ultra-fine grain YG6X + mirror polishing), the sticking interval extended to 8 hours, and blade life increased by 3 times.
Conclusion
Severe blade sticking when slitting soft materials like copper and aluminum originates from a mismatch between blade material and material characteristics. For thin precision slitting, choose YG6X or ultra-fine grain alloy; for conventional thickness, choose YG8; for thick rough cutting, choose YG15. Combined with appropriate edge angles, high surface finish, and anti-adhesion coatings, the sticking problem can be effectively controlled. Mingbai Technology is ready to help you eliminate sticking issues with professional material solutions.
FAQ Module:
Q1: Why can't ordinary high-speed steel blades be used for copper and aluminum slitting?
A: High-speed steel hardness (HRC58-62) is far lower than carbide (HRA89-93). In copper and aluminum slitting, the edge wears quickly, becomes dull, and increased friction worsens sticking. Carbide's hardness and anti-adhesion performance are far superior, making it the preferred material for copper and aluminum slitting.
Q2: Which is better for cutting 0.3mm copper strip, YG6X or YG8?
A: YG6X is recommended. 0.3mm is thin material precision slitting. YG6X has higher hardness and finer grain, allowing a sharper edge with lower cutting resistance, reducing extrusion deformation and adhesion risk. YG8 has better toughness but lower hardness, making it more suitable for medium thickness or applications with some impact.
Q3: Are coated blades really effective in copper and aluminum slitting?
A: Yes. TiAlN or DLC coatings significantly reduce the friction coefficient and material adhesion. DLC coatings can achieve a friction coefficient as low as 0.1, effectively inhibiting BUE formation. However, for ultra-thin aluminum foil slitting, coatings are sometimes not recommended as the coating thickness may affect edge sharpness; this should be evaluated based on specific working conditions.
Q4: What should the blade gap be for copper and aluminum slitting?
A: For soft copper and aluminum materials, the recommended gap is 4%-6% of material thickness. Too small a gap exacerbates extrusion and adhesion; too large a gap causes tearing burrs. Use the lower limit (4%) for thin materials and the upper limit (6%) for thick materials, with fine-tuning through trial cuts.
Q5: How much more expensive are ultra-fine grain carbide blades compared to conventional YG grades? Is it worth it?
A: Ultra-fine grain carbide typically costs 2-3 times more than conventional YG grades, but its service life can be 5-10 times longer. For high-precision slitting of ultra-thin copper foil, aluminum foil, or lithium battery electrodes, the overall cost of use is actually lower, making it highly worthwhile.
Website: www.mingbaiblade.com


